China EVERCROSS BRIDGE TECHNOLOGY (SHANGHAI) CO.,LTD. Company News

Introduction Steel box beams have been widely adopted in large-scale infrastructure projects due to their excellent structural properties, including their ability to resist torsion, handle high moments, and maintain stability over long spans. One of the most notable implementations of steel box beams can be seen in the construction of the Millau Viaduct, a cable-stayed bridge in southern France, which remains one of the tallest and longest bridge structures in the world. This case study examines the design, structural advantages, and construction techniques associated with the use of steel box beams in the Millau Viaduct.   Overview of the Millau Viaduct The Millau Viaduct is a multi-span cable-stayed bridge crossing the Tarn River valley. It holds the record for the tallest bridge piers in the world, with the tallest mast reaching 343 meters (1,125 ft), taller than the Eiffel Tower. Designed by French engineer Michel Virlogeux and British architect Norman Foster, the bridge spans 2,460 meters (8,070 ft) with seven slender piers, and it carries the A75 motorway across the gorge.     One of the defining structural elements of this bridge is its continuous steel box girder deck, which supports the road surface. The bridge’s design necessitated a lightweight yet strong deck to accommodate the long spans and the forces exerted by both traffic loads and environmental factors, such as wind.   Design and Structural Role of Steel Box Beams The deck of the Millau Viaduct is a continuous steel box girder, consisting of a rectangular hollow section. The closed-section box beam is ideal for this application due to its ability to resist both torsional and bending stresses, a critical factor in the design of the bridge’s long spans. The steel box girder deck is 32 meters wide and 4.20 meters deep, with two steel webs supporting the structure along its length. The box section was fabricated using high-strength steel plates, designed to optimize the balance between weight and load-bearing capacity. This choice of a hollow box section ensures that the bridge remains stable under dynamic loads, including wind and traffic, and minimizes the amount of deflection experienced by the deck over its long spans. One of the most significant challenges in the design of the Millau Viaduct was the management of torsional forces due to the length and height of the structure. Wind speeds in the valley can reach high levels, creating large torsional moments along the length of the bridge. The use of a steel box beam allows the structure to efficiently resist these torsional forces, maintaining the stability of the deck under the most extreme conditions. Open-section beams, such as traditional I-beams or H-beams, would have been much more susceptible to twisting and would not have provided the necessary rigidity for such an application.   Fabrication and Erection of the Steel Box Beam Deck   The steel box beams for the Millau Viaduct were prefabricated off-site, with sections weighing up to 600 metric tons. These prefabricated sections were then transported to the bridge site, where they were assembled. The construction process involved sliding the deck sections horizontally onto the piers using hydraulic jacks, a process known as incremental launching. This method allowed the project team to construct the bridge with minimal environmental disruption to the valley below and significantly reduced the time and cost associated with traditional bridge-building methods. The choice of steel for the box girders was also influenced by the material's ability to be fabricated into complex shapes with high precision, allowing the design team to achieve the necessary aerodynamic properties to minimize wind resistance and vibrations.   Structural Advantages of Steel Box Beams in the Millau Viaduct Torsional Rigidity: One of the most critical factors in the success of the Millau Viaduct's design is the torsional rigidity provided by the steel box beam. The closed section of the box beam distributes torsional stresses uniformly, reducing the risk of twisting under high wind loads. This is particularly important for the Millau Viaduct, where the bridge spans long distances between supports and is exposed to significant wind forces at height. Weight-to-Strength Ratio: The steel box beam design offers an optimal weight-to-strength ratio, essential for minimizing dead load while maximizing load-bearing capacity. The lightweight nature of the steel box girder reduced the overall mass of the bridge deck, lowering the demands on the piers and foundations, which in turn allowed for a more slender and aesthetically pleasing design. Structural Efficiency: Steel box beams provide enhanced structural efficiency, as the hollow section allows for a high degree of stiffness with minimal material usage. The closed box section also increases the moment of inertia, improving the beam’s ability to resist bending and deflection under traffic loads. Aerodynamics: The streamlined shape of the steel box girder, combined with its hollow section, provides improved aerodynamic performance. Wind forces acting on the bridge deck are deflected smoothly over the surface, reducing wind-induced vibrations and lateral movements that could otherwise compromise the structural integrity of the bridge. Lessons Learned and Broader Applications   The use of steel box beams in the Millau Viaduct serves as a prime example of how innovative structural solutions can meet the demands of complex engineering challenges. The success of this project underscores the importance of torsional resistance, material efficiency, and aerodynamic considerations when designing large-scale bridges. Beyond bridge construction, steel box beams have found applications in high-rise buildings, offshore platforms, and large-span roofs, where torsional forces and load-bearing requirements necessitate the use of closed-section beams. The Millau Viaduct's design also illustrates the benefits of prefabrication and incremental launching techniques, which are now commonly applied in the construction of large bridges and other major infrastructure projects. The Millau Viaduct stands as an engineering marvel, made possible through the innovative use of steel box beams. By offering a lightweight, torsionally resistant solution capable of spanning vast distances, the steel box beam has proven to be an indispensable tool in modern bridge construction. The success of this project highlights the role that advanced structural design and materials science play in creating infrastructure that is not only functional but also visually stunning and environmentally efficient.    

The common corrosion prevention methods for Structural Steel Bridges The corrosion prevention of Modular Steel Bridges (also known as Bailey Truss Bridges) is a crucial aspect in ensuring their long-term stable operation and extending their service life. Since Bailey Truss Bridges are typically exposed to various harsh environments such as moisture, salt spray, and UV radiation, these factors can accelerate the corrosion process of steel. Therefore, implementing effective corrosion prevention measures is of paramount importance.     Firstly, the selection of high-quality corrosion-resistant steel during the manufacturing process of Modular Steel Bridges serves as the foundation of corrosion prevention. Additionally, a thorough rust removal treatment should be applied to the steel surface to eliminate rust and oil contamination, providing an optimal base for subsequent anticorrosive coatings. Secondly, coating methods are commonly employed in the corrosion prevention of Bailey Truss Bridges. By applying anticorrosive coatings through spraying or brushing, a dense protective film is formed on the steel surface, isolating it from corrosive agents like air and moisture. These coatings typically exhibit excellent weather resistance, water resistance, and chemical resistance, ensuring long-term and effective protection for the steel. Furthermore, for Bailey Truss Bridges located in extreme environments, more advanced corrosion prevention technologies can be considered, such as the application of thermal sprayed aluminum (zinc) composite coatings. This technology involves thermally spraying an aluminum (zinc) alloy coating onto the steel surface, followed by the application of a sealing paint to form a composite anticorrosive layer. This coating system boasts remarkable corrosion resistance, capable of withstanding the harshest environments.     Apart from these corrosion prevention measures, regular maintenance and upkeep are also vital for prolonging the service life of Modular Steel Bridges. This includes inspecting the condition of coatings, promptly repairing damages, and clearing away accumulated water and dust, all of which can effectively slow down the corrosion rate of steel and maintain the bridges in good condition. In conclusion, the corrosion prevention of Modular Steel Bridges (Bailey Truss Bridges) is a comprehensive system that necessitates a multi-faceted approach encompassing material selection, manufacturing, coating, and maintenance. Only by adopting comprehensive measures can optimal results be achieved.    

How to choose paint or hot-dip galvanizing in temporary steel bridge anti-corrosion? In the field of corrosion protection for steel bridges, particularly temporary Bailey bridges, the choice between paint and hot-dip galvanizing depends largely on the specific operating environment and requirements. Below is a detailed comparison of the two corrosion protection methods:   Paint Corrosion Protection   Advantages:   Aesthetics: Paint offers a variety of colors and finishes, enhancing the appearance of steel bridges, making it suitable for applications where a certain visual effect is desired. Diversity: The market features various types of anticorrosive paints, such as epoxy zinc-rich primers and acrylic polyurethane topcoats, allowing selection based on specific needs. Construction Flexibility: Paint application is relatively flexible, enabling spraying or brushing according to the shape and structure of the steel bridge, achieving effective corrosion protection.     Disadvantages:   Maintenance Cost: Paint corrosion protection requires regular maintenance and repainting to maintain its protective properties, increasing long-term maintenance costs. Environmental Sensitivity: The effectiveness of paint corrosion protection is significantly influenced by environmental factors, such as extreme weather and UV radiation, which can lead to paint aging and peeling.   Hot-Dip Galvanizing Corrosion Protection   Advantages:   Long-Term Corrosion Protection: Hot-dip galvanizing forms a dense zinc layer on the steel surface, effectively isolating it from air and moisture, achieving long-lasting corrosion protection. Durability: The hot-dip galvanized layer has high hardness and wear resistance, capable of resisting mechanical damage and corrosion from various media. Low Maintenance Cost: Once hot-dip galvanizing is completed, the steel bridge requires no additional corrosion protection maintenance for an extended period, reducing maintenance costs.       Disadvantages:   Higher Initial Cost: Compared to paint corrosion protection, hot-dip galvanizing has a higher initial cost, including material and processing expenses. Construction Limitations: Hot-dip galvanizing must be performed in a specific factory environment, which may pose challenges during transportation and installation for large steel bridges.   Comprehensive Comparison       Paint Corrosion Protection   Hot-Dip Galvanizing Corrosion Protection Aesthetics Better, offers various colors and finishes   Average, zinc layer has a uniform color Corrosion Protection Performance   Depends on paint type and quality, requires regular maintenance   Long-lasting corrosion protection, high durability Maintenance Cost   Higher, requires regular repainting   Lower, no additional maintenance required for an extended period Construction Flexibility Higher, can be applied according to the shape and structure of the steel bridge Lower, requires specific factory environment for application Initial Cost   Relatively lower   Higher, including material and processing expenses   Conclusion When selecting a corrosion protection method for steel bridges, comprehensive consideration should be given based on the specific operating environment and requirements. For steel bridges in highly corrosive environments with no significant aesthetic requirements, hot-dip galvanizing is a better choice due to its long-lasting corrosion protection, high durability, and low maintenance costs. However, for steel bridges with certain aesthetic requirements or in relatively less corrosive environments, paint corrosion protection may be more suitable. It is important to ensure that the construction quality meets relevant standards, regardless of the chosen corrosion protection method, to guarantee the effectiveness and service life of the steel bridge's corrosion protection. Welcome to consult us, we are a professional bridge manufacturer, according to your needs, to give you the best solution.  

  Steel temporary bridges, particularly Prefabricated Steel Bridges (also known as Bailey bridges), have found widespread application as efficient and flexible solutions for both temporary and permanent bridging needs in military, civilian, and emergency rescue contexts. Renowned for their simple structures, ease of manufacture, and swift installation, Prefabricated Steel Bridges also exhibit unparalleled advantages in spanning various obstacles such as rivers, valleys, and busy transportation routes due to their remarkable adaptability and load-bearing capacity.   The design of Prefabricated Steel Bridges typically follows a modular principle, consisting of standardized steel components that are easy to transport, assemble, and dismantle. This allows the bridge to be constructed rapidly, meeting urgent access requirements. Structural features, including the use of high-strength steel, scientific connection methods, and optimized mechanical design, collectively ensure the bridge's stability and safety. Regarding service life, although the "Road and Bridge Quality Acceptance Specification" mentions a general service life of 25 years for Prefabricated Steel Bridges, this is only a baseline value. In actual use, the lifespan of the bridge is influenced by a multitude of factors. High-quality materials serve as the foundation for extending service life, while rational structural design effectively resists external loads and environmental erosion. Furthermore, the natural environment in which the Prefabricated Steel Bridge is located, including extreme weather, humidity changes, and corrosive gases, can all cause varying degrees of damage to the bridge. Therefore, regular maintenance and upkeep are crucial, encompassing tasks such as coating repairs, fastener inspections, and structural monitoring, to ensure the bridge remains in good condition.   In summary, as an efficient and practical type of bridge, the service life of Prefabricated Steel Bridges is subject to multiple constraints. However, through scientific design, high-quality material selection, rigorous construction, and regular maintenance, their service period can be maximized, providing a reliable guarantee for transportation and emergency rescue operations.   HD321 Bailey bridge Truss Allowable Internal Force Table Bridge Type Unreinforced Bridge Reinforce Bridge Allowable Internal Force SS DS TS DD TD SS DS TS DD TD Allowable Bending Moment[M]（kN·m） 788.2 1576.4 2246.4 3265.4 4653.2 1687.5 3375 4809.4 6750 9618.8 Allowable Shears force[Q]（kN） 245.2 490.5 698.9 490.5 698.9 245.2 490.5 698.9 490.5 698.9 Note: The value in the table is the value of half of the bridge, and the full bridge should be multiplied by 2.  

Bailey Bridge Maintenance: The Art of Ensuring Safety and Prolonging Lifespan   In the vast expanse of bridge engineering, the Bailey Bridge stands out with its unique brilliance, illuminating countless paths of traversal and challenge. From its military origins during World War II, to its widespread application in various complex environments today, the Bailey Bridge has not only witnessed historical transitions but also emerged as a vital bridge type that connects both banks and fosters development. However, like any sophisticated mechanical structure, the Bailey Bridge's long-term stable operation relies on scientific and effective maintenance. This article delves into the significance of Bailey Bridge maintenance, routine maintenance content, regular inspections and repairs, as well as future maintenance trends, to explore how to safeguard the bridge's safety and prolong its lifespan.   I. The Significance of Maintenance: The Cornerstone of Safety and Development As a critical transportation infrastructure, the safe and stable operation of the Bailey Bridge is directly linked to the safety of people's lives and property, as well as regional economic development. Maintenance not only promptly identifies and eliminates potential safety hazards, preventing traffic accidents caused by bridge damage, but also effectively extends the bridge's service life, mitigating economic burdens associated with frequent repairs or replacements. Thus, conducting scientific and reasonable maintenance for the Bailey Bridge serves as the cornerstone of ensuring its safety and development.   II. Routine Maintenance Content: Meticulous Care and Attention Routine maintenance forms the foundation of Bailey Bridge preservation efforts, requiring management and maintenance personnel to possess a high degree of responsibility and professional expertise. Specifically, routine maintenance encompasses the following aspects: Cleaning and Preservation: Regularly clearing debris, dust, and standing water from the bridge deck and ancillary facilities to maintain a clean appearance and prevent corrosion that could compromise structural safety.   EVERCROSS BRIDGE STEEL BRIDGE SPECIFICATION EVERCROSS -GREAT WALL STEEL BRIDGE Bailey bridge (Compact-200, Compact-100, LSB, PB100, China-321, BSB) Modular bridge (GWD, HBD60, CB300, Delta, 450-type, etc.), Truss Bridge, Warren bridge, Arch bridge, Plate bridge, Beam bridge, Box girder bridge, Suspension bridge, Cable-stayed bridge, Floating bridge, etc. DESIGN SPANS 10M TO 300M Single span CARRIAGE WAY SINGLE LANE, DOUBLE LANES, MULTILANE, WALKWAY, ETC LOADING CAPACITY AASHTO HL93.HS15-44, HS20-44, HS25-44, BS5400 HA+20HB, HA+30HB, AS5100 Truck-T44, IRC 70R Class A/B, NATO STANAG MLC80/MLC110. Truck-60T, Trailer-80/100Ton, etc. Korea 1st grade bridge DB24 STEEL GRADE EN10025 S355JR S355J0/EN10219 S460J0/EN10113 S460N/BS4360 Grade 55C AS/NZS3678/3679/1163/Grade 350, ASTM A572/A572M GR50/GR65 GB1591 GB355B/C/D/460C, etc. CERTIFICATES ISO9001, ISO14001, ISO45001, EN1090, CIDB, COC, PVOC, SONCAP, etc. WELDING AWS D1.1/AWS D1.5 AS/NZS 1554 or equivalent BOLTS ISO898, AS/NZS1252, BS3692 or equivalent GALVANIZATION CODE ISO1461,AS/NZS 4680,ASTM-A123，BS1706,or equivalent   Connecting Components Inspection: Inspecting the tightness and integrity of all bridge connections, promptly replacing damaged ones to ensure the overall stability of the bridge structure.   Deck Condition Monitoring: Routinely assessing the evenness of the deck pavement, identifying cracks or depressions, and promptly repairing damaged areas to prevent vehicle bumpiness or further structural damage.   Drainage System Maintenance: Ensuring the drainage system remains unobstructed to prevent water accumulation that could erode the bridge foundation.     III. Regular Inspections and Repairs: Preventing Issues Before They Arise In addition to routine maintenance, the Bailey Bridge necessitates periodic professional inspections and repairs. These tasks are typically undertaken by specialized bridge inspection teams, utilizing advanced detection technologies and equipment to conduct comprehensive and meticulous assessments. Structural Inspection: Employing non-destructive testing techniques to scan and examine the bridge structure, uncovering potential cracks, deformations, or corrosion issues, providing a scientific basis for repair work. Load-Bearing Capacity Evaluation: Assessing the bridge's actual load-bearing capacity against design requirements, implementing reinforcement measures as necessary. Repair and Reinforcement: Developing detailed repair plans based on inspection findings, utilizing suitable materials and techniques to restore the bridge's original load-bearing capacity and safety performance.     IV. Future Maintenance Trends: Embracing Intelligence and Green Initiatives With technological advancements and heightened environmental awareness, the maintenance of Bailey Bridges will embrace new trends. Intelligent Maintenance: Harnessing the power of IoT, big data, and AI to achieve real-time monitoring and early warning of bridge health conditions, enhancing maintenance efficiency and accuracy. By leveraging smart analysis systems, potential issues can be anticipated, allowing for proactive maintenance planning that minimizes disruptions to traffic. Green Maintenance: Prioritizing environmental protection and sustainable development during maintenance activities, employing eco-friendly materials and techniques for repairs and reinforcements. Additionally, reinforcing efforts to protect and restore the bridge's surrounding ecosystem, fostering a harmonious coexistence between the bridge and nature. In conclusion, the maintenance of Bailey Bridges is a complex yet meticulous endeavor, necessitating the dedication and professional expertise of both management and maintenance personnel. Through scientific and reasonable maintenance measures, we can ensure the safe and stable operation of Bailey Bridges, extending their lifespans, and thereby contributing significantly to human transportation endeavors and societal development. As technology continues to advance and environmental consciousness grows, we can anticipate the maintenance of Bailey Bridges becoming increasingly intelligent and eco-friendly, fostering the creation of safer, more convenient, and greener transportation networks.  

  Steel Bailey bridges, also known as steel structure temporary bridges, are a type of bridge structure that primarily uses steel as the main structural material. They are widely used in various situations due to their simple structure, rapid installation, and cost-effectiveness. Steel Bailey bridges are commonly used for temporary bridge construction, post-disaster reconstruction, military transportation, and as temporary passages in busy traffic areas. The following will provide a detailed introduction to the basic description and parameters of steel Bailey bridges.     Describe The main structure of a steel bailey bridge consists of steel beams, steel supports, steel railings, and steel bridge decks, among other components. The design of steel bailey bridges typically takes into account the need for rapid installation and dismantling, which is why the bridge structure is relatively simple and often utilizes standardized modular design. The span and load-bearing capacity of the bridge can be customized according to actual needs, but the basic structural design ensures a high level of traffic capacity and stability. The advantages of a steel bailey bridge lie in its high material strength and light weight, which effectively reduce the difficulty of transportation and installation. Its steel has very high tensile and compressive strength, allowing the bridge to perform well when bearing heavy traffic loads. Additionally, the maintenance of a steel Bailey bridge is relatively simple, and it can resist a certain degree of corrosion and wear, making it suitable for use under various environmental conditions.     Parameter table   Here is a parameter table for a typical steel Bailey bridge:   Parameters   Specifications   Types of bridges   Steel Bailey bridge (steel temporary bridge)   Bridge length   10 - 50 meters (can be customized according to needs)   Bridge width   3 - 6 meters (single or dual carriageway)   Maximum span   15 - 30 meters   Design Load Vehicle load class B and C (suitable for heavy vehicles)   Types of steel   Q235, Q345 and other high-strength steels Bridge deck thickness   8 - 12 mm   Steel beam specifications   Angle iron, I-beam, H-beam, etc.   Installation method   Modular assembly, standardized connection.   Maximum carrying capacity   50 - 100 tons (depending on design requirements)   Service life   15 - 30 years (depending on environmental conditions)   Preservation treatment   Hot-dip galvanizing, applying anti-corrosion coatings Installation time   1 - 3 days (depending on the specific situation and the experience of the workers)     Conclusion Steel Bailey bridges, due to their superior economy and practicality, have become the preferred option for bridge construction in various scenarios. Whether for temporary use or as a long-term bridge, they can meet different needs. With reasonable design and high-quality manufacturing, steel Bailey bridges can provide safe and reliable traffic passages, offering strong support for transportation and emergency rescue.    

Metal cleaning powder is an efficient industrial cleaner specifically designed to remove dirt, oxides, rust, and other contaminants from metal surfaces. It employs advanced chemical formulas and high-performance abrasive materials, allowing for rapid and effective restoration of the metal's luster without causing damage to the metal substrate. This powder is widely used in various fields such as automotive manufacturing, aerospace, mechanical processing, and ship repair, making it an essential tool for metal surface maintenance.   The main components of metal cleaning powder include high-purity abrasive materials, cleaners, and special protective additives. The abrasive materials typically consist of fine particles of aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, or other wear-resistant granules, which are effective in removing dirt and oxides from surfaces. The cleaner part is responsible for breaking down oils and other organic contaminants, while the protective additives form a protective film during the cleaning process to prevent secondary contamination.   When using metal cleaning powder, dry grinding or wet grinding methods can be applied. Dry grinding is suitable for removing light dirt and oxides, whereas wet grinding is more effective for dealing with stubborn dirt and rust. During operation, it is necessary to adjust the amount of powder and grinding time according to actual needs to achieve the best cleaning effect.     Parameter table Parameters   Specifications   Explanation   Appearance   Blue powder   The powder particles are uniform with no obvious agglomerates.   Granularity   100-200 mesh   The powder has a moderate particle size, ensuring good grinding effect. Ingredients   Alumina, silicon carbide, detergent, protective additives.   The main ingredients combine with the auxiliary ingredients. pH value   6-8   Neutral to slightly acidic, suitable for various metal surfaces.   Solubility   Partially dissolved   Can be partially dissolved in water, easy to prepare cleaning solution. Application scope   Stainless steel, aluminum alloy, copper and its alloys. Suitable for cleaning various metal materials   Operating temperature   15-40℃   Optimal operating temperature range for best cleaning results   Storage conditions   Store in a cool, dry place, away from moisture.   Store in a dry, well-ventilated place.   Packaging specifications   500g/Bag、1kg/Bag、5kg/Bucket   Multiple packaging specifications, convenient for use according to different needs.   Safety Instructions   Avoid inhaling dust, and rinse immediately upon contact with eyes and skin.   Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as masks and gloves, when using.       Metal cleaning powder is an indispensable cleaning tool in modern industry, with its efficient and reliable cleaning performance significantly improving the quality and lifespan of metal surfaces. When using, please strictly follow the operating procedures to ensure the maximization of safety and effectiveness.    

I. Overview Fireproof paint for steel structures is a protective material specifically used for the surface of steel structures. Its main function is to enhance the fire resistance limit of steel structures in the event of a fire, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the structure. Due to the significant decrease in strength and stability of steel structures under high temperatures, the use of fireproof paint is an important measure to ensure building safety.   II. Main Functions Fire resistance: Fireproof coatings can provide effective heat insulation protection in the event of a fire, delaying the heating of steel structures and reducing the rate of temperature rise, maintaining the mechanical properties of the steel structure. Insulation: The coating expands to form an insulating layer under high temperatures, effectively preventing heat conduction and protecting the steel structure from being affected by excessively high temperatures. Weather resistance: High-quality fire retardant coatings have excellent weather resistance, capable of withstanding the erosion of natural environments such as ultraviolet rays, rain, and windblown sand, ensuring long-term stable fire protection effects. Adhesion: The paint has good adhesion to the surface of steel structures, effectively preventing peeling and delamination, ensuring the durability of the coating.   III. Product Specifications     Parameters   Specifications and Standards Types of paint Organosilicate type / Inorganic silicate type / Aqueous type, etc. Paint color White/Gray/Black/Custom Color Dry Film Thickness 1.5-5.0 mm (depending on specific requirements and standards)   Fire resistance limit ≥60 minutes (depending on coating thickness and design requirements) Density 1.3-1.8 g/cm³ (varies by product)   Adhesion ≥2.0 MPa (under standard test conditions)   Weather resistance Excellent (after long-term exposure to ultraviolet light and rain testing) Drying time   Surface dry: 1-2 hours; Hard dry: 24 hours Using temperature range -20°C to 120°C (does not affect the coating performance)   Coating method Spraying, brushing, rolling, etc.   Storage conditions Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.   Security Non-toxic, low VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds)     IV. Scope of Application Fireproof coatings for steel structures are widely used in various steel structures, such as high-rise buildings, industrial plants, bridges, warehouses, etc. They can effectively enhance the fire safety performance of steel structures and have good economic efficiency and construction convenience.       V. Precautions during construction Surface treatment: Before painting, the steel structure surface must be thoroughly cleaned to remove rust, oil stains, and impurities. Construction environment: An appropriate construction environment should be chosen, avoiding construction under extreme temperatures and humidity conditions. Coating thickness: Ensure that the coating thickness is uniform according to the fire protection design requirements, and avoid missing coating or uneven coating. Drying time: Ensure that each layer of paint is completely dry before applying the next layer to achieve the best fire-resistant effect.   By using steel structure fireproof paint, the fire resistance of steel structures can be significantly improved, ensuring the safety and service life of buildings. Choosing the right product and applying it according to the correct construction methods is key to ensuring the fireproofing effect.    

A cyclone separator is a device that uses the principle of airflow rotation to separate solid particles from a gas stream. It is widely used in industrial fields such as dust control and gas purification. Its working principle is based on the rotational movement of airflow generated inside the cyclone separator, which, under the action of centrifugal force, causes solid particles to be thrown towards the walls of the separator and ultimately settle at the bottom of the separator.   The structure of a cyclone separator mainly consists of an inlet, a cyclone body, a separation chamber, and an outlet. Gas enters the cyclone body through the inlet and generates centrifugal force due to rotation. Solid particles, due to the greater force, are thrown towards the wall and then slide down into the ash hopper at the bottom. Clean gas is then discharged through the outlet.   Cyclone separators have advantages such as simple structure, easy maintenance, and large processing capacity, but their separation efficiency is influenced by factors like airflow speed and particle size. To improve separation efficiency, they can be used in conjunction with other separation equipment or optimized in design.   When selecting a cyclone separator, it is necessary to determine the appropriate model and specifications based on actual working conditions, such as gas flow rate and particle properties. Through reasonable configuration, the separation effect can be optimized and production efficiency improved.  

The Bailey bridge is a simple, modular bridge system that is easy to assemble and disassemble quickly. Initially designed by British engineer Sir Donald Bailey during World War II, its purpose was to meet the need for rapid construction and repair of bridges in wartime. Today, Bailey bridges continue to play a significant role in various applications.   1. Military Applications The initial use of Bailey bridges was in the military domain, especially during wartime when it was necessary to quickly establish bridges across rivers and other obstacles. Its modular design allows the military to rapidly assemble and disassemble bridges, which is crucial for mobility and strategic adjustments on the battlefield. The standardized components and simple construction methods of Bailey bridges also enable various military personnel to complete bridge construction without the need for specialized equipment.   2. Post-Disaster Rescue After natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods, traditional bridges may be destroyed or become unusable. Due to its rapid construction characteristics, Bailey bridges are particularly suitable for post-disaster rescue and emergency reconstruction. Rescue personnel can quickly assemble Bailey bridges to restore traffic, ensuring the timely transportation of rescue materials and personnel.   3. Temporary Traffic Bailey bridges are also widely used in situations requiring temporary traffic solutions, such as large events, construction projects, or other similar scenarios. For instance, during major festival celebrations, exhibitions, or at temporary construction sites, Bailey bridges can be rapidly assembled to provide the necessary traffic capacity. Their modular design allows the bridges to be expanded or reduced according to actual needs.   4. Infrastructure Construction Bailey bridges have played a role in some infrastructure construction projects, especially those involving temporary traffic facilities. For example, during the construction of bridges, Bailey bridges can be used as temporary bridges to ensure traffic flow during the construction period. They can also be used to cross small water bodies or ditches, providing support for the transportation of heavy machinery and construction materials.   5. Humanitarian Aid The efficiency and portability of bailey bridges have also been recognized in some humanitarian aid operations. Particularly in areas with limited resources or extremely difficult transportation conditions, bailey bridges can help establish much-needed traffic connections, providing basic living and medical supplies.   The modular design and ease of operation of bailey bridges make them an ideal solution for various emergency and temporary needs. Their applications are not limited to military or rescue operations but also cover a broader range of infrastructure and transportation needs, demonstrating the flexibility and practicality of their design.